详细介绍xml的使用方法总结

可扩展标记语言，一种用于标记电子文档使其具有结果性的标记语言，它可以用来标记数据、定义数据类型，是一种允许用户对自己的标记语言进行定义的源语言。

2、 和超文本标记语言区别

2.1 html不一定需要成对出现，xml则一定需要成对出现。

2.2 html 不区分大小写，但是xml区分。

3、对xml文档增删改查

//声明一个XmlDocument空对象         protected XmlDocument XmlDoc = new XmlDocument();         /// <summary>         /// 构造函数，导入xml文件         /// </summary>         /// <param name="path"></param>         public XmlHelper(string path)         {             try             {                 XmlDoc.Load(path);             }             catch (Exception ex)             {                 throw ex;             }         }         /// <summary>         /// 保存文件         /// </summary>         /// <param name="path"></param>         public void SaveXml(string path)         {             try             {                 XmlDoc.Save(path);             }             catch (System.Exception ex)             {                 throw ex;             }         }

/// <summary>         /// 获取节点的子节点的内容         /// </summary>         /// <param name="path"></param>         /// <param name="rootNode"></param>         /// <param name="attributeName"></param>         /// <returns></returns>         public string GetNodeChildAttribute(string path, string rootNode, string attributeName)         {             XmlNode xn = XmlDoc.SelectSingleNode(rootNode);             StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();             XmlNodeList xnl = xn.ChildNodes;                foreach (XmlNode xnf in xnl)             {                 XmlElement xe = (XmlElement)xnf;                 XmlNodeList xnf1 = xe.ChildNodes;                 foreach (XmlNode xn2 in xnf1)                 {                     if (xn2.Name == attributeName)                     {                         sb.Append(xn2.InnerText);//显示子节点点文本                     }                 }             }             return sb.ToString();         }

/// <summary>          /// 获取节点的属性值          /// </summary>          /// <param name="path">xml路径</param>          /// <param name="rootNode">根节点名称</param>          /// <param name="attributeName">属性名称</param>          /// <returns></returns>          public string GetNodeAttribute(string path, string rootNode, string attributeName)          {              try              {                  XmlNode xn = XmlDoc.SelectSingleNode(rootNode);                  XmlNodeList xnl = xn.ChildNodes;                  StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();                  foreach (XmlNode xnf in xnl)                  {                      XmlElement xe = (XmlElement)xnf;                      sb.Append(xe.GetAttribute(attributeName));                  }                  return sb.ToString();              }              catch (Exception)              {                     throw;              }          }

/// <summary>         /// 删除节点/节点属性         /// </summary>         /// <param name="path">xml文件地址</param>         /// <param name="rootNode">根节点名称</param>         /// <param name="delNode">要删除的节点</param>         /// <param name="attributeName">节点属性</param>         /// <param name="attributeValue">属性值</param>         public void DeleteNode(string path, string rootNode, string attributeName, string attributeValue)         {             try             {                 XmlNodeList xnl = XmlDoc.SelectSingleNode(rootNode).ChildNodes;                 foreach (XmlNode xn in xnl)                 {                     XmlElement xe = (XmlElement)xn;                     if (xe.GetAttribute(attributeName) == attributeValue)                     {                         //xe.RemoveAttribute(attributeName);//删除属性                         xe.RemoveAll();//删除该节点的全部内容                     }                 }                 SaveXml(path);             }             catch (Exception)             {                    throw;             }         }

/// <summary>         /// 修改节点的子节点内容         /// </summary>         /// <param name="path">xml文件路径</param>         /// <param name="rootNode">根节点名称</param>         /// <param name="attributeName">节点的子节点名称</param>         /// <param name="attributeOldValue">节点的子节点原始内容</param>         /// <param name="attributeNewValue">节点的子节点新内容</param>         public void UpdateChildNodeAttribute(string path, string rootNode, string attributeName,string attributeOldValue, string attributeNewValue)         {             try             {                 XmlNodeList nodeList = XmlDoc.SelectSingleNode(rootNode).ChildNodes;//获取根节点的所有子节点                 foreach (XmlNode xn in nodeList)//遍历所有子节点                 {                     XmlElement xe = (XmlElement)xn;//将子节点类型转换为XmlElement类型                     if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(attributeName) || string.IsNullOrEmpty(attributeOldValue))                     {                         return;                     }                     else                     {                         XmlNodeList nls = xe.ChildNodes;                         if (nls != null && nls.Count > 0)                         {                             foreach (XmlNode xn1 in nls)//遍历                             {                                 XmlElement xe2 = (XmlElement)xn1;//转换类型                                 if (xe2.InnerText == attributeOldValue)//如果找到                                 {                                     xe2.InnerText = attributeNewValue;//则修改                                     break;//找到退出来就可以了                                 }                             }                         }                     }                 }                 SaveXml(path);             }             catch (Exception)             {                    throw;             }         }

/// <summary>          /// 修改节点属性值操作          /// </summary>          /// <param name="path">xml文件路径</param>          /// <param name="rootNode">根节点名称，如：bookstore</param>          /// <param name="attributeName">节点属性名</param>          /// <param name="attributeOldValue">节点属性原来值</param>          /// <param name="attributeNewValue">节点属性修改后的值</param>          public void UpdateNodeAttribute(string path, string rootNode, string attributeName, string attributeOldValue, string attributeNewValue)          {              try              {                  XmlNodeList nodeList = XmlDoc.SelectSingleNode(rootNode).ChildNodes;//获取根节点的所有子节点                  foreach (XmlNode xn in nodeList)//遍历所有子节点                  {                      XmlElement xe = (XmlElement)xn;//将子节点类型专程xmlelement类型                      if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(attributeName) || string.IsNullOrEmpty(attributeOldValue))                      {                          return;                      }                      else                      {                          if (xe.GetAttribute(attributeName) == attributeOldValue)                          {                              xe.SetAttribute(attributeName, attributeNewValue);                          }                      }                  }                  SaveXml(path);              }              catch (Exception)              {                     throw;              }          }

/// <summary>          /// 插入节点操作          /// </summary>          /// <param name="path">xml文件路径</param>          /// <param name="rootNode">根节点名称，如：bookstore</param>          /// <param name="node">节点名称，如：book</param>          /// <param name="nodeAttributes">节点的属性-属性值集合</param>          /// <param name="childAttributes">节点子节点名称-内容</param>          public void InsertNode(string path, string rootNode, string node, Dictionary          <string, string> nodeAttributes, Dictionary<string, string> childAttributes)          {              try              {                  XmlNode root = XmlDoc.SelectSingleNode(rootNode);//找到根节点bookstore                  XmlElement xe1 = XmlDoc.CreateElement(node);//创建子节点book                  if (nodeAttributes != null && nodeAttributes.Count > 0)                  {                      foreach (var n in nodeAttributes)                      {                          xe1.SetAttribute(n.Key, n.Value);                      }                  }                  if (childAttributes != null && childAttributes.Count > 0)                  {                      XmlElement xesub1;                      foreach (var n in childAttributes)                      {                          xesub1 = XmlDoc.CreateElement(n.Key);                          xesub1.InnerText = n.Value;                          xe1.AppendChild(xesub1);//添加到<book>节点中                      }                  }                  root.AppendChild(xe1);                  SaveXml(path);              }              catch (Exception)              {                     throw;              }          }

调用：

string path = Server.MapPath("Books.xml");             XmlHelper xHelper = new XmlHelper(path);             /*插入*/             //Dictionary<string, string> dc1 = new Dictionary<string, string>();             //dc1.Add("genre", "李赞红");             //dc1.Add("ISBN", "2-3631-4");             //Dictionary<strin插入g, string> dc2 = new Dictionary<string, string>();             //dc2.Add("title", "CS从入门到精通");             //dc2.Add("author", "候捷");             //dc2.Add("price", "58.3");             //xHelper.InsertNode(path, "bookstore", "book", dc1, dc2);                /*修改*/             //xHelper.UpdateNodeAttribute(path, "bookstore", "genre", "李赞红", "李");             //xHelper.UpdateChildNodeAttribute(path, "bookstore", "title", "CS从入门到精通", "cs");                /*删除节点*/             //xHelper.DeleteNode(path, "bookstore", "genre", "李");                //Response.Write(xHelper.GetNodeAttribute(path, "bookstore", "genre"));             //Response.Write(xHelper.GetNodeChildAttribute(path, "bookstore", "price"));

4、通过xml数据绑定

xml转DataTable

public DataTable XmlToData(string path, string rootNode, params string[] columns)         {             DataTable dt = new DataTable();             XmlNodeList xn = XmlDoc.SelectSingleNode(rootNode).ChildNodes;             try             {                 if (columns.Length > 0)                 {                     DataColumn dc;                     for (int i = 0; i < columns.Length; i++)                     {                         dc = new DataColumn(columns[i]);                         dt.Columns.Add(dc);                     }                     foreach (XmlNode xnf in xn)                     {                         XmlElement xe = (XmlElement)xnf;                         XmlNodeList xnf1 = xe.ChildNodes;                         int i = 0;                         DataRow dr = dt.NewRow();                         foreach (XmlNode xn2 in xnf1)                         {                             dr[i] = xn2.InnerText;                             i++;                         }                         dt.Rows.Add(dr);                     }                 }             }             catch (Exception)             {                    throw;             }             return dt;            }

调用：

//string[] arr = { "title", "author", "price" };             //GridView1.DataSource = xHelper.XmlToData(path, "bookstore", arr);             //GridView1.DataBind();

DataTable转xml

/*datatable转xml*/         public  string DataTableToXml(DataTable dt)         {             if (dt != null)             {                 MemoryStream ms = null;                 XmlTextWriter XmlWt = null;                 try                 {                     ms = new MemoryStream();                     //根据ms实例化XmlWt                     XmlWt = new XmlTextWriter(ms, Encoding.Unicode);                     //获取ds中的数据                     dt.WriteXml(XmlWt);                     int count = (int)ms.Length;                     byte[] temp = new byte[count];                     ms.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin);                     ms.Read(temp, 0, count);                     //返回Unicode编码的文本                     UnicodeEncoding ucode = new UnicodeEncoding();                     string returnValue = ucode.GetString(temp).Trim();                     return returnValue;                 }                 catch (System.Exception ex)                 {                     throw ex;                 }                 finally                 {                     //释放资源                     if (XmlWt != null)                     {                         XmlWt.Close();                         ms.Close();                         ms.Dispose();                     }                 }             }             else             {                 return "";             }         }

调用：

//bool s = xHelper.CDataToXmlFile(xHelper.XmlToData(path, "bookstore", arr), "Bookss.xml","book");

5、xml序列化反序列化

[Serializable]     public class Person     {         public string Name { get; set; }         public int Age { get; set; }     }

public class CXmlSerializer<T> where T : new()      {          private static XmlSerializer _Serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(T));             public static string Serialize(T t)          {              string s = "";              using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream())              {                  _Serializer.Serialize(ms, t);                  s = System.Text.UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetString(ms.ToArray());              }              return s;          }             public static T Deserialize(string s)          {              T t;              using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream(System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(s)))              {                  t = (T)_Serializer.Deserialize(ms);              }              return t;          }      }

调用：

List<Person> list = new List<Person> { new Person { Name = "Xuj", Age = 20 }, new Person { Name = "duj", Age = 20 }, new Person { Name = "fuj", Age = 20 } };              string s = CXmlSerializer<List<Person>>.Serialize(list);

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